Men's Performance Bundle
Restore Your Drive and Confidence. Optimize Mental & Physical Performance.
Balance Hormones, Boost Blood Flow, Promote Lean Muscle Mass, and Redefine the Way You Look and Feel with Patented Ingredients Backed by Science.
Lab Tested | Gluten free | Non-GMO | Junk Free
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Restore Your Performance & Combat Accelerated Aging at the Cellular Level!
Optimize Hormones, Restore Sexual Health, & Skyrocket Performance with Versatile, Patented Ingredients You Can Trust (LJ100® Tongkat Ali and Pycnogenol® French Maritime Pine Bark).
Benefits at a Glance
- Athletic Performance: Enhances mental and physical energy, muscle performance, and endurance.
- Sexual Health: Enhances sexual function, arousal, and alpha-pheromones.
- Optimize Hormones: Balances testosterone, DHEA, and cortisol levels to supercharge vitality.
- Weight Management: Supports lean muscle mass and prevents binge eating.
- Joint & Skin: Boosts collagen and elastin synthesis, hyaluronic acid and hydration, and elasticity, while reducing skin fatigue and pigmentation. Also, limits photo-aging, reduces the size of wrinkles, and improves skin microtexture.
- Brain Health: Improves memory, enhances cognitive function, and reduces test anxiety.
- Heart Health: Supports healthy circulatory and endothelial function and boosts nitric oxide levels.
Bundle Overview
What is the Men's Performance Bundle, and what remarkable advantages do its two key ingredients provide?
Our male support bundle unites LJ100® and Pycnogenol® — two ingredients backed by extensive clinical research and a cumulative total of nearly 200 combined clinical studies. These two super nutrients deliver dozens proven benefits to restore your mental and physical performance, reinvigorate your sexual health, optimize your hormones, and effectively counteract the effects of normal aging.
LJ100® – the ultimate catalyst for men's health – taps into your primal potential, igniting a resurgence of passion. By balancing testosterone and DHEA levels, it not only amplifies your prowess in the bedroom but also revitalizes your overall energy, strength and performance. With LJ100®, your most fundamental desires become the driving force, boosting your confidence and propelling you to conquer each day with unyielding vigor.
Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract offers a distinctive blend of bioflavonoids that masterfully regulate inflammation and neutralize free radicals. This super nutrient propels blood circulation, thereby enhancing heart health, cognitive function, and immune resilience. Moreover, it binds with collagen and elastin, and stimulates hyaluronic acid synthesis — enhancing the health and appearance of your skin and joints
Why Should I Get the Men's Performance Bundle?
Unlock your potential in 90 days or less with our Men's Performance Bundle – your answer to optimize testosterone level and revitalize your body at the cellular level. Even normal aging causes decreased motivation, lower testosterone levels, weakened immunity, dwindling libido, and reduced collagen production. This natural process can degrade your skin and joints, and even compromise your drive as well as your mental and physical performance.
That's why we recommend proven, patented ingredients like LJ100® and Pycnogenol®. You can simultaneously reignite your vigor and nurture your body’s innate repair mechanisms. Our patented extracts help your body balance hormones, enhance sexual health, boost blood flow—stimulate collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis—and enhance cognitive, cardiovascular, muscular, skeletal, and immune function. They also offer potent antioxidant defense, promote balanced blood sugar, and nurture a resilient response to inflammation, promoting longevity.
Champion your body against the tide of aging, reignite your passions, and unveil your ultimate self. With unwavering research and a treasure trove of scientific validation supporting our men's performance bundle, you can feel confident you're doing your best to optimize the aging process, sexual health, and more.
Invest in our Men's Performance Bundle and redefine how you look and feel as you embrace the years ahead. Your investment in yourself starts now.
Take a deeper dive to explore more benefits:
The Men's Performance Bundle comprises two exceptional ingredients: LJ100® and Pycnogenol®. These ingredients boast an extensive history of clinical research, collectively participating in nearly 200 clinical studies. Our supplements provide precise, science-based dosages aligned with clinical data for optimal potency. Our LJ100® offers a potent 200 mg daily, while its dance partner, Pycnogenol®, delivers 100 mg per capsule. Taken daily, these two potent supplements yield dozens of science-based health benefits to boost your performance at work, in the gym, and in the bedroom. Optimize lean muscle growth, facilitate weight management, balance sex hormones and combat stress with patented, clinically researched extracts. Experience the power of ingredients proven to outduel the generic, filler-laden counterfeits on the market.
Balance Free Testosterone
Supercharge your energy, sleep quality, muscle health, libido, and performance with optimized free and total testosterone levels. Age-related decline in free testosterone can lead to reduced vitality, muscle loss, and belly fat, undermining your confidence and drive. LJ100® has been shown to remarkably optimize hormones and enhance sexual health in just 90 days. Studies demonstrate a significant increase in free testosterone and DHEA levels, contrasted by a net drop in SHBG levels – a substance that binds up your testosterone, crippling your free T levels.
Ignite Sexual Health
Spark your intimate life with LJ100® – a potent alternative to prescription medications that can deliver remarkable increases in sexual desire and satisfaction scores and improved libido in just 3 months. LJ100® goes beyond by influencing sexual communication through pheromones, potentially intensifying attraction and desire. Its cGMP level effects mirror those of prescription drugs, offering enhanced erectile function without drawbacks.
Boost Physical and Mental Energy
Amplify your athletic prowess and endurance with LJ100®, promoting muscle building through increased free testosterone and inhibiting muscle breakdown due to cortisol rise. LJ100® drives an anabolic state, resulting in enhanced performance, muscle strength, size, and fat-free mass. This supplement stimulates natural endogenous testosterone production, with one study revealing up to 132.63% increase within just 10 days.
Aid Weight Management
Elevate mood, energy, and weight management through cortisol and testosterone balance. LJ100®’s impact was demonstrated in a six-week program, showing body weight and body fat reduction, decreased cortisol/testosterone ratio, improved cholesterol levels, and mood enhancement. Elevate your weight management journey with LJ100® Tongkat Ali from Proof Vitality.
Elevate Mood (Enhance Weight Management)
Experience mood upliftment and weight management with LJ100®. Studies show daily LJ100® supplementation led to significant reductions in tension, anger, and confusion, coupled with improved stress hormone profiles and weight management. The results suggest LJ100®’s potential to restore hormonal balance and uplift mood in response to stressors.
Support Adrenal Health, Fostering a Healthy Stress Response & Energy Boost
Boost your stress response naturally with LJ100®. Controlled studies demonstrated enhanced quality of life, mood, and stress levels in moderately stressed participants, coupled with improvements in mental clarity, emotional well-being, vigor, and testosterone levels. Experience reductions in physical and cognitive stress, along with positive effects on immune markers.
Offset the Effects of Andropause
LJ100® has been shown to help combat the effects of andropause, counteracting declining testosterone production that causes fatigue, reduced muscle strength, mood changes, and more. Studies reveal up to 132.63% increase in testosterone levels within 10 days—improving symptoms, enhancing physical performance, psychological health, and sexual function and desire.
Promote Healthy Bone Remodeling
Support lifelong bone remodeling with LJ100®, maintaining the balance between bone resorption and new bone formation for optimal bone health. LJ100® improves bone structure, osteoblast-to-osteoclast ratio, serum testosterone levels, and osteoblast cell activity. It also inhibits osteoclast activity, contributing to enhanced bone density.
Antioxidant & Blood Sugar
Pycnogenol® showcases its prowess in maintaining already-healthy glucose levels. Moreover, it reinforces the body’s armor of antioxidant defenses with potent phytonutrient compounds that counteract free-radical activity – which can potentially harm cells, tissues, organs, and DNA. LJ100® has been shown to boost insulin secretion and help facilitate glucose uptake within muscle and adipose cells, supporting healthy blood sugar metabolism. This heightened glucose absorption in muscle cells could also translate to elevated energy levels and enhanced physical performance.
Brain & Cognitive Function
Research highlights Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract’s capacity to enhance cognitive function, specifically improving numerical and spatial working memory. This extract has been shown to ameliorate memory and test scores among college students, enhancing mental performance while reducing test anxiety by 17%. Enhance memory, alertness, multitasking, and age-related forgetfulness. It's all been shown to reduce oxidation of red blood cells, nurturing brain health and to enhance capillary blood flow and heightened blood antioxidant quality.
Collagen Support (Hair, skin, and nails)
The skin, the body’s largest and most intricate organ, consists of numerous layers, each performing distinct and crucial functions. Pycnogenol exhibits the capability to invigorate collagen synthesis and augment skin elasticity while mitigating skin fatigue. Moreover, Pycnogenol® showcases its effectiveness by boosting hyaluronic acid production, effectively moisturizing the skin. It also hinders the degradation of collagen and elastin, thus curbing photo-aging effects and safeguarding your skin, ultimately leading to a more vibrant and uniform complexion.
Joint, Mobility & Bone Health
Support lifelong bone remodeling with LJ100®, maintaining the balance between bone resorption and new bone formation for optimal bone health. LJ100® improves bone structure, osteoblast-to-osteoclast ratio, serum testosterone levels, and osteoblast cell activity. It also inhibits osteoclast activity, contributing to enhanced bone density. Furthermore, sustaining optimal joint health holds immense significance as it facilitates unrestricted and comfortable movement, ultimately enhancing overall life quality. Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract promotes joint flexibility and mobility. Additionally, it offers a natural alleviation of joint discomfort by helping your body manage inflammation and diminishing inflammatory markers. Pycnogenol supplementation has been shown to decrease pain for individuals grappling with stiff and achy joints, ultimately enhancing their joint functionality.
Vision Health
Pycnogenol® improves eye health by scavenging free radicals. It surpasses vitamins C & E, CoQ10, and grape seed extract in shielding retinal lipids. Studies reveal Pycnogenol® strengthens retinal capillaries, enhancing endothelial function for retinal microvessel circulation.
Heart, Veins & Circulation
Pycnogenol® helps maintain healthy endothelial and arterial functions by effectively inhibiting inflammatory agents known as cytokines. Moreover, it actively supports the maintenance of optimal nitric oxide levels within the arteries, a crucial factor in preserving endothelial functionality and ensuring efficient arterial blood flow. This dual action not only fosters a balanced inflammatory response but also facilitates healthy platelet function.
Immune Support
Scientific investigations have established that Pycnogenol® aids your body in combating inflammation and normalizing immune responses by suppressing the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB)—an immune cell responsible for triggering inflammation.
Inflammation Response
Pycnogenol contains a wide range of phenolic compounds, including ferulic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and taxifolin. These natural compounds with fancy names demonstrate a remarkable capacity to neutralize free radicals and foster a robust response to inflammation.
Men’s Health Recap
Research has shown that supplementation with Pycnogenol® for 90 days significantly improves erectile function by 45 percent. The resulting arterial relaxation supports healthy erectile function by helping fill the corpus cavernosum with blood. A study comprising 75 healthy men suggests that supplementation with Pycnogenol® may help counteract benign prostate enlargement and help facilitate emptying of the bladder after 60 days of supplementation.
LJ100 easily sets the bar when it comes to all-around men's health. Here are the 15 known science-based Benefits of LJ100®:
- Elevates Sexual Function and Libido
- Maintains High Free Testosterone Levels
- Inhibits Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
- Reduces Cortisol, the Stress Hormone
- Enhances Mood Profiles
- Curbs Binge Eating for Successful Weight Loss
- Fosters an Anabolic State while Reducing Catabolism
- Decreases Fatigue and Tension
- Amplifies Endurance and Stamina for Athletes
- Offers Natural Alternatives to Testosterone Replacement Therapy
- Nurtures Overall Well-being and Hormonal Health
- Supports Healthy Blood Sugar Levels
- Encourages Healthy Bone Turnover
- Bolsters Immune Function
- Manages a Healthy Inflammatory Response
Collectively, 28 clinical studies underscore LJ100’s potential to address a spectrum of men’s health concerns through its impactful effects on testosterone levels, fatigue reduction, muscle strength, sexual health, and overall quality of life.
Respiratory, Allergy & Sinus
The potential of Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract in addressing respiratory symptoms lies in its ability to diminish inflammation, curtail histamine release, and facilitate smoother breathing.
Sports & Active Lifestyle
Enhancing fitness and athletic performance becomes progressively demanding as we age, necessitating greater dedication to muscle maintenance and endurance. Amid the limitations of popular supplements like protein powders and fat burners in addressing this challenge, LJ100® emerges as a potent solution with remarkable outcomes. Clinical studies on humans underscore LJ100®’s dual capability to enhance athletic performance and muscle endurance: it promotes an anabolic state, sparking muscle growth through heightened free testosterone levels, while simultaneously inhibiting the catabolic state driven by cortisol elevation—helping to mitigate muscle breakdown. This dual action translates to a major boost in performance. Beyond this, LJ100® supplementation translates into lean muscle mass, diminished body fat, and increased muscle strength and size. These benefits trace back to LJ100®’s ability to optimize testosterone and DHEA levels, as validated by a study demonstrating up to 132.63% increase in testosterone levels within a mere 10 days. Simultaneously, peer-reviewed research underscores Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract’s potential in counteracting age-related muscle decline. This encompasses safeguarding muscles from exertion-related harm, heightening performance and endurance, expediting recovery, and facilitating a prompt return to action. Additionally, peer-reviewed research accentuates Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract’s potential to counter the muscle loss accompanying aging. This extract actively bolsters muscles through the natural aging process, enhancing both muscular function and endurance. Incorporating these two cutting-edge solutions into your fitness journey promises to revolutionize your athletic pursuits and amplify your active lifestyle.
Oral Care & Gum Health
Pycnogenol®, an extensively studied standardized French maritime pine bark extract, has garnered attention for its remarkable oral and dental health advantages. This potent antioxidant finds application in a diverse range of global commercial products, showcasing multifaceted contributions to oral health.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
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Frequently Asked Questions
LJ100® Wild Malaysian Tongkat Ali Extract
LJ100® is a groundbreaking extract derived from wild-crafted Tongkat Ali root sourced from the lush rainforests of Malaysia. Embracing sustainable harvesting and fair-trade practices, LJ100® not only delivers the finest tongkat ali extract but also upholds environmental preservation. The production of LJ100® employs a patented extraction technology involving high temperature, high pressure, and ultra-filtration. Standardized to an impressive 40% glyco saponins and over 22% eurypeptides, LJ100® stands out for its unique composition, setting it apart from other Tongkat Ali sources.
Bitterness: A Mark of Authenticity
The distinctively bitter taste of LJ100® originates from its standardized hot-water extraction process. This meticulous approach retains essential quassinoids—among nature’s most bitter phytochemicals—known for their potential in promoting human health. Beware of Tongkat Ali extracts lacking bitterness, as they might be inauthentic or lack potency. Unlike commercial products boasting unclear extraction ratios, LJ100® stands as a beacon of purity, with its exacting standardizations validated by a wealth of bioactive compounds (including 0.8% eurycomanone, 22% eurypeptides, 30% polysaccharides, and 40% glyco saponins).
15 Benefits of LJ100®: Unleashing Your Potential
- Elevates Sexual Function and Libido
- Maintains High Free Testosterone Levels
- Inhibits Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
- Reduces Cortisol, the Stress Hormone
- Enhances Mood Profiles
- Curbs Binge Eating for Successful Weight Loss
- Fosters an Anabolic State while Reducing Catabolism
- Decreases Fatigue and Tension
- Amplifies Endurance and Stamina for Athletes
- Offers Natural Alternatives to Testosterone Replacement Therapy
- Nurtures Overall Well-being and Hormonal Health
- Supports Healthy Blood Sugar Levels
- Encourages Healthy Bone Turnover
- Bolsters Immune Function
- Manages a Healthy Inflammatory Response
Experience the transformative potential of LJ100® and harness nature’s vitality for a thriving and balanced life. Safe for both men and women, LJ100® is your gateway to a brighter, healthier future.
Yes. LJ100® is a patented ingredient supported by 28 clinical studies demonstrating its safety, purity, and efficacy in oral applications.
Multiple human clinical studies support the following claims:
- Increases physical and mental energy. Enhances sports performance.
- Maintains a healthy anabolic/catabolic balance.
- Reduces fatigue.
- Facilitates androgen biosynthesis.
- Encourages hormonal balance and healthy cortisol levels.
- Maintains normal high free testosterone levels in men.
- Supports overall well-being and hormonal health.
- Enhances libido and sexual function.
- Sustains healthy weight levels.
- Promotes androgen biosynthesis.
- Boosts healthy alpha pheromones, crucial for sexual communication, psychological health, and behavior.
- Promotes Healthy Bone Remodeling.
Typical dosage recommendations are based on traditional use and available scientific evidence in humans. Studies for testosterone enhancement typically use 200 mg per day. Dosages of 100 mg to 200 mg are recommended for sexual function, healthy aging, and sports nutrition. The upper limit is no more than 600 mg per day. Smaller dosages of 50 mg to 100 mg per day are sufficient for dieters.
Yes, LJ100® has U.S. Patent #7,132,117 and Worldwide Patent WO 02/17946 A1.
LJ100® restores normal testosterone levels by increasing the release rate of ‘free’ testosterone from its binding hormone, sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG). It’s important to note that LJ100® is not a testosterone booster like an anabolic steroid. Instead, LJ100® naturally encourages a favorable anabolic balance.
No, LJ100® is entirely safe for women and is designed to promote greater well-being, energy, and vigor. LJ100® is not a steroid, and therefore, it will not induce male characteristics in women.
LJ100® is sourced from the lush rainforests of Malaysia and undergoes processing in a GMP-certified facility located in Malaysia.
Absolutely! The Tongkat Ali root is thoughtfully wild-crafted in the pristine, pesticide-free rainforests of Malaysia, ensuring both its purity and the preservation of nature.
We take pride in promoting ingredients made with sustainable wild-crafting, fair trade, and socially responsible practices that directly benefit the indigenous collectors in Malaysia. By choosing LJ100®, you’re not only supporting your well-being but also uplifting the communities that have been an integral part of its creation.
Contrarily, the other generic “cat’s claw” extracts on the market are not grounded in research. They are most are water-insoluble, alkaloid-based extracts and are shown to be mildly toxic with long-term use.
Absolutely, LJ100® holds the distinguished status of being self-affirmed GRAS, reassuring you of its safety and quality.
Yes, LJ100® is not genetically modified in any way. Moreover, LJ100® is BSE-free (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy-free) and free of TSEs (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies).
Rest assured, LJ100® extract is completely free from irradiation.
Absolutely not. LJ100® undergoes a meticulous hot-water extraction method, ensuring its purity, safety, and efficacy.
Indeed, LJ100® is both Kosher and Halal certified.
Pycnogenol® French Maritime Pine Bark Extract
Pycnogenol® is a natural plant extract originating from the bark of the maritime pine trees that grow along the coast of southwest France.
Pycnogenol® has been extensively studied for over 40 years to establish its safety, efficacy and quality. It is a unique combination of procyanidins, bioflavonoids and phenolic acids that offer a wide range of natural health benefits.
With over 160 clinical trials and 450 scientific publications, Pycnogenol® has been proven to be a safe and effective ingredient for men and women.
Yes. Pycnogenol® sets the bar for evidence-based supplements with over 150 clinical studies and more than 60 human trials.
Pycnogenol®’s versatility stems from its ability to boost your body’s antioxidant defenses. It inhibits the free-radical activity that can harm your cells, tissue, organs and even DNA. Pycnogenol® also supports healthy glucose metabolism and has been shown to help maintain already-healthy blood sugar levels.
Our Pycnogenol® capsules are size “1” ( approximately 0.76 inches in length and 0.27 inches in width).
Not necessarily. Pycnogenol® French Maritime Pine Bark extract is best taken in the morning and can be taken with or without food.
Although most pine bark extracts on the market are counterfeit products of China, Pycnogenol® dried French Maritime pine extract is sourced and sustainably produced in France.
No. Based on 40 years of research and over 230 scientific articles and clinical trials, it is unlikely to be a concern if Pycnogenol® were taken longer than 6 months. Toxicity test results have shown that Pycnogenol® is safe and well-tolerated, even at high doses over long periods.
Proof Vitality only offers well-researched, clinically studied ingredients in evidence-based dosages. Our patented and trademarked Pycnogenol® is a clinically validated, science-based health solution with more than 450 scientific publications. Our patented Pycnogenol® is sourced and produced exclusively France, not China.
No, Pycnogenol® does not appear to exhibit any phytoestrogen-like activities, although it has been shown to help alleviate some of the natural side effects of menopause.
It is unlikely to be a concern if combined with other products. We have not identified any known interactions between Pycnogenol® and any other dietary supplement.
We suggest discussing this decision with your health care practitioner if you take any prescription medication. However, there is no indication that Pycnogenol® would negatively interact with prescription medications based on the rigorous review of the scientific literature.
After reviewing extensive literature, we have not identified any side effects associated with taking Pycnogenol®.
References
LJ100®References
1. Tambi and Saad, “Water-soluble extract of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack as a Potential Natural Energizer for Healthy Aging Men,” First Asian Andrology Forum in Shanghai China 2002, Asian Society of Sexology Conference in Singapore, December 2002.
2. “LJ100, a Potent Adaptogen, Maintains Healthy Aging in Men,” Int. J. Androl. 28 (s1), 25-44 (2005).
3. Asian J. Androl. 0154 (448) (October 2006).
4. Faculty Abstract 11, The Aging Male 10 (2), 92 (2007).
5. “LJ100® as a Potential Natural Energizer for Healthy Aging in Men,” First Asian Andrology Forum in Shanghai China, 2002.
6. S.B. Ismail et al., “Randomized Clinical Trial on the Use of LJ100 for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Sexual Well-Being in Men,” Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2012, 429268 (2012).
7. J.K. Udani et al., “Effects of a Proprietary Freeze-Dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia (Physta) and Polygonum minus on Sexual Performance and Well-Being in Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study,” Evidence-Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 179529 (2014).
8. M. Ismail and M. Kamarul Imran, “Eurycoma longifolia Jack in Managing Idiopathic Male Infertility,” Asian J. Androl., 12 (3) 376–380 (2010).
9. MIT research papers, 2005, in support of US Patent 7,132,117.
10. University of Malaysia, abstract from research papers, 2008.
11. University of Malaysia, abstract from research papers, circa 2008.
12. S. Hamzah and A. Yusuf, “The Ergogenic Effects of LJ100,” British Journal of Sports Medicine 2003. BASEM Abstract 37: 465-466.
13. J. Talbott et al., “Effect of [LJ 100] Eurycoma longifolia Extract on Anabolic Balance During Endurance Exercise,” Journal of the International Society of Sport Medicine 3 (1): S32 (2006).
14. “Effects of Strength Training and LJ100 Supplementation on Strength and Muscle Size in Middle-Aged Women,” 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Exercise and Sport Science & 8th International Sports Science Conference 2009.
15. Henkel et al., “LJ100 Tongkat Ali as a Potential Herbal Supplement for Physically Active Male and Female Seniors—A Pilot Study,” Phytother. Res. 28 (4), 544–550 (2014), Epub Jun 11, 2013.
16. George and Henkel, “Phytoandrogenic Properties of Eurycoma longifolia as Natural Alternative to Testosterone Replacement Therapy,” Andrologia. 46 (7), 708–721 (2014). doi: 10.1111/and.12214. Epub Jan 6, 2014.
17. Tambi et al, “[LJ100] Standardised Water-Soluble Extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat Ali, as Testosterone Booster For Managing Men With Late-Onset Hypogonadism?” First Int. J. Andrologia, 44 (1), 226–230 (2012). Epub 2011 Jun 15.
18. Faculty Abstract 11, The Aging Male 10 (2), 92 (2007).
19. Talbott et al., “Effect of a 6-Week Lifestyle Program on Mood State and Metabolic Parameters in Moderately Overweight Subjects,” Supplement Watch, Inc. and Treehouse Athletic Club, Salt Lake City, UT.
20. Talbott et al., “Effect of LJ100 on Stress Hormones and Psychological Mood State in Moderately Stressed Subjects,” J. Int. Society of Sports Nutr. 10 (1), 28 (2013).
21. George et al. “Antiviral Activity of a Standardized Root Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia (LJ100I®) against Dengue Virus.” Poster presented at the International Conference of Natural Products, Bayview Beach Resort, Malaysia.
22. Han et al. “Antiinflammatory and analgesic effects of Eurycoma longifolia extracts” Arch. Pharm. Res. (2016) 39:421–428
23. Jayusman et al. “The Effects of Quassinoid-Rich Eurycoma longifolia Extract on Bone Turnover and Histomorphometry Indices in the Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis Rat Model” Nutrients June 2018 2018, 10, 799; doi:10.3390/nu10070799
24. Thu et al. “Exploring molecular mechanism of bone-forming capacity of Eurycoma longifolia: Evidence of enhanced expression of bone-related biomarkers” J Ayurveda and Integ Med. “2017 1-11
25. Thu et al. “Eurycoma longifolia, a promising suppressor of RANKL-induced differentiation and activation of osteoclasts: An in vitro mechanistic evaluation” J Ayurveda and Integ Med. “2017 1-11
26. Imam et al. “Eurycoma Longifolia Jack Water Extract (Physta®) and its 4.3 Kilodalton Peptide Increase Insulin Secretion from Pancreatic Cells and Enhance Glucose Uptake in Insulin-Sensitive Cells, in Vitro” European Journal of Scientific Research 2017: 147 No 2 October 2017; 177-187
27. George et al. “Immunomodulation in Middle-Aged Humans Via the Ingestion of Standardized Root Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia (LJ100®). PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Phytother. Res. (2016) Published online in Wiley Online Library
28. George et al. Efficacy and safety of Eurycoma longifolia (Physta®/LJ100®) water extract plus multivitamins on quality of life, mood and stress: a randomized placebo-controlled and parallel study. Food & Nutrition Research 2018, 62: 1374
AstaReal® References
Skin Health
1. Tominaga K, Hongo N, Karato M, Yamashita E. Cosmetic benefits of astaxanthin on humans subjects. Acta Biochim Pol. 2012;59(1):43-7. Epub 2012 Mar 17. PMID: 22428137
2. Phetcharat L, Wongsuphasawat K, Winther K. The effectiveness of a standardized rose hip powder, containing seeds and shells of Rosa canina, on cell longevity, skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity. Clin Interv Aging. 2015 Nov 19;10:1849-56. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S90092. PMID: 26604725; PMCID: PMC4655903.
Antioxidant Support
3. Hashimoto H, Arai K, Takahashi J, Chikuda M. The effect of aging on the antioxidative activity of astaxanthin in human aqueous humor. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2021 Mar;68(2):169-172. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.20-87. Epub 2020 Sep 17. PMID: 33879969; PMCID: PMC8046000.
4. Hashimoto H, Arai K, Takahashi J, Chikuda M. Effects of astaxanthin on VEGF level and antioxidation in human aqueous humor: difference by sex. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2019 Jul;65(1):47-51. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.18-110. Epub 2019 Apr 18. PMID: 31379413; PMCID: PMC6667389.
5. Hashimoto H, Arai K, Hayashi S, Okamoto H, Takahashi J, Chikuda M. The effect of astaxanthin on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and peroxidation reactions in the aqueous humor. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2016 Jul;59(1):10-5. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.15-137. Epub 2016 May 21. PMID: 27499573; PMCID: PMC4933686.
6. Hashimoto H, Arai K, Hayashi S, Okamoto H, Takahashi J, Chikuda M, Obara Y. Effects of astaxanthin on antioxidation in human aqueous humor. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2013 Jul;53(1):1-7. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.13-6. Epub 2013 May 18. PMID: 23874063; PMCID: PMC3705160.
Brain Health & Cognitive Function
7. Ito N, Saito H, Seki S, Ueda F, Asada T. Effects of Composite Supplement Containing Astaxanthin and Sesamin on Cognitive Functions in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;62(4):1767-1775. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170969. Erratum in: J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;68(2):839. PMID: 29614679; PMCID: PMC5900571.
8. Imai A, Oda Y, Ito N, Seki S, Nakagawa K, Miyazawa T, Ueda F. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Astaxanthin and Sesamin on Daily Fatigue: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Study. Nutrients. 2018 Feb 28;10(3):281. doi: 10.3390/nu10030281. PMID: 29495607; PMCID: PMC5872699.
Active Lifestyle, Muscle & Sports Performance
9. Baralic I, Andjelkovic M, Djordjevic B, Dikic N, Radivojevic N, Suzin-Zivkovic V, Radojevic-Skodric S, Pejic S. Effect of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Salivary IgA, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Young Soccer Players. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:783761. doi: 10.1155/2015/783761. Epub 2015 Jun 18. PMID: 26167194; PMCID: PMC4488551.
10. Wong SK, Ima-Nirwana S, Chin KY. Effects of astaxanthin on the protection of muscle health (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2020 Oct;20(4):2941-2952. doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.9075. Epub 2020 Jul 29. PMID: 32855659; PMCID: PMC7444411.
Immune & Gut Health
11. Baralic I, Andjelkovic M, Djordjevic B, Dikic N, Radivojevic N, Suzin-Zivkovic V, Radojevic-Skodric S, Pejic S. Effect of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Salivary IgA, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Young Soccer Players. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:783761. doi: 10.1155/2015/783761. Epub 2015 Jun 18. PMID: 26167194; PMCID: PMC4488551.
12. Park JS, Chyun JH, Kim YK, Line LL, Chew BP. Astaxanthin decreased oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced immune response in humans. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2010 Mar 5;7:18. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-7-18. PMID: 20205737; PMCID: PMC2845588.
13. Wu L, Lyu Y, Srinivasagan R, Wu J, Ojo B, Tang M, El-Rassi GD, Metzinger K, Smith BJ, Lucas EA, Clarke SL, Chowanadisai W, Shen X, He H, Conway T, von Lintig J, Lin D. Astaxanthin-Shifted Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice. J Nutr. 2020 Oct 12;150(10):2687-2698. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa222. PMID: 32810865; PMCID: PMC8023541.
Eye Health & Vision
14. Saito M, Yoshida K, Saito W, Fujiya A, Ohgami K, Kitaichi N, Tsukahara H, Ishida S, Ohno S. Astaxanthin increases choroidal blood flow velocity. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012 Feb;250(2):239-45. doi: 10.1007/s00417-011-1843-1. Epub 2011 Nov 10. PMID: 22072378.
Cardiovascular Health
14. Miyawaki H, Takahashi J, Tsukahara H, Takehara I. Effects of astaxanthin on human blood rheology. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2008 Sep;43(2):69-74. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.2008048. PMID: 18818755; PMCID: PMC2533721.
15. Iwabayashi, M., Fujioka, N., Nomoto, K., Miyazaki, R., Takahashi, H., Hibino, S., Takahashi, Y., Nishikawa, K., Nishida, M., & Yonei, Y. (2009). Efficacy and safety of eight-week treatment with astaxanthin in individuals screened for increased oxidative stress burden. Anti-Aging Medicine, 6(4), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.3793/jaam.6.15
16. Tsukahara, H., Koikeda, T., Arai, T., Hayashi, H., Ohno, S., & Suzuki, N. (2008). Supplementation Effect of Astaxanthin on Blood Flow and Shoulder Stiffness -A Preliminary Pilot Study-. Japanese Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1625/jcam.5.49
Pycnogenol® References
Skin Health, Anti-Aging, Beauty From Within
1. Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Hu S, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Corsi M, Caporale S. Improvement in signs and symptoms in psoriasis patients with Pycnogenol® supplementation. Panminerva Med. 2014 Mar;56(1):41-8. PMID: 24637472.
2. Marini A, Grether-Beck S, Jaenicke T, Weber M, Burki C, Formann P, Brenden H, Schönlau F, Krutmann J. Pycnogenol® effects on skin elasticity and hydration coincide with increased gene expressions of collagen type I and hyaluronic acid synthase in women. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(2):86-92. doi: 10.1159/000335261. Epub 2012 Jan 21. PMID: 22270036.
3. Ni Z, Mu Y, Gulati O. Treatment of melasma with Pycnogenol. Phytother Res. 2002 Sep;16(6):567-71. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1085. PMID: 12237816.
4. Saliou C, Rimbach G, Moini H, McLaughlin L, Hosseini S, Lee J, Watson RR, Packer L. Solar ultraviolet-induced erythema in human skin and nuclear factor-kappa-B-dependent gene expression in keratinocytes are modulated by a French maritime pine bark extract. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Jan 15;30(2):154-60. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00445-7. PMID: 11163532.
Brain Health & Cognitive Function, Neurological Support, Hearing
5. Trebatická J, Kopasová S, Hradecná Z, Cinovský K, Skodácek I, Suba J, Muchová J, Zitnanová I, Waczulíková I, Rohdewald P, Duracková Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Sep;15(6):329-35. doi: 10.1007/s00787-006-0538-3. Epub 2006 May 13. PMID: 16699814.
6. Grossi MG, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Cacchio M, Ippolito E, Bavera P. Improvement in cochlear flow with Pycnogenol® in patients with tinnitus: a pilot evaluation. Panminerva Med. 2010 Jun;52(2 Suppl 1):63-7. PMID: 20657537.
7. Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Saggino A. Pycnogenol® improves cognitive function, attention, mental performance and specific professional skills in healthy professionals aged 35-55. J Neurosurg Sci. 2014 Dec;58(4):239-48. Epub 2014 Mar 28. PMID: 24675223.
8. Belcaro G, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Hu S, Saggino A, Feragalli B. The COFU3 Study. Improvement in cognitive function, attention, mental performance with Pycnogenol® in healthy subjects (55-70) with high oxidative stress. J Neurosurg Sci. 2015 Dec;59(4):437-46. PMID: 26635191.
9. Luzzi R, Belcaro G, Zulli C, Cesarone MR, Cornelli U, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Feragalli B. Pycnogenol® supplementation improves cognitive function, attention and mental performance in students. Panminerva Med. 2011 Sep;53(3 Suppl 1):75-82. PMID: 22108481.
10. Ryan J, Croft K, Mori T, Wesnes K, Spong J, Downey L, Kure C, Lloyd J, Stough C. An examination of the effects of the antioxidant Pycnogenol on cognitive performance, serum lipid profile, endocrinological and oxidative stress biomarkers in an elderly population. J Psychopharmacol. 2008 Jul;22(5):553-62. doi: 10.1177/0269881108091584. PMID: 18701642.
Cardiovascular Health: Heart, Veins, Blood Pressure, Circulation, Endothelium, Nitric Oxide
11. Arcangeli P. Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Fitoterapia. 2000 Jun;71(3):236-44. doi: 10.1016/s0367-326x(99)00164-1. PMID: 10844161.
12. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M. Venous ulcers: microcirculatory improvement and faster healing with local use of Pycnogenol. Angiology. 2005 Nov-Dec;56(6):699-705. doi: 10.1177/000331970505600607. PMID: 16327946.
13. Belcaro G, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR. Postpartum Varicose Veins: Supplementation with Pycnogenol or Elastic Compression-A 12-Month Follow-Up. Int J Angiol. 2017 Mar;26(1):12-19. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1363784. Epub 2014 May 29. PMID: 28255210; PMCID: PMC5330748.
14. Belcaro G. A Clinical Comparison of Pycnogenol, Antistax, and Stocking in Chronic Venous Insufficiency. Int J Angiol. 2015 Dec;24(4):268-74. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1556060. Epub 2015 Jul 15. PMID: 26648668; PMCID: PMC4656166.
15. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M. Rapid relief of signs/symptoms in chronic venous microangiopathy with pycnogenol: a prospective, controlled study. Angiology. 2006 Oct-Nov;57(5):569-76. doi: 10.1177/0003319706291392. Erratum in: Angiology. 2008 Jun-Jul;59(3):385. PMID: 17067979.
16. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M. Comparison of Pycnogenol and Daflon in treating chronic venous insufficiency: a prospective, controlled study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2006 Apr;12(2):205-12. doi: 10.1177/107602960601200209. PMID: 16708123.
17. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M. Improvement of signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency and microangiopathy with Pycnogenol: a prospective, controlled study. Phytomedicine. 2010 Sep;17(11):835-9. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.04.009. Epub 2010 Jun 25. PMID: 20579863.
18. Koch R. Comparative study of Venostasin and Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytother Res. 2002 Mar;16 Suppl 1:S1-5. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1010. PMID: 11933130.
19. Petrassi C, Mastromarino A, Spartera C. PYCNOGENOL in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytomedicine. 2000 Oct;7(5):383-8. doi: 10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80059-8. PMID: 11081989.
20. Riccioni C, Sarcinella R, Izzo A, Palermo G, Liguori M. Efficacia della Troxerutina associata al Pycnogenol nel trattamento farmacologico dell’insufficienza venosa [Effectiveness of Troxerutin in association with Pycnogenol in the pharmacological treatment of venous insufficiency]. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2004 Feb;52(1):43-8. Italian. PMID: 14765037.
21. Schmidtke I, Schoop W. Pycnogenol—stasis edema and its medical treatment [in German]. Z Ganzheits Med. 1995;3:114-115.
22. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P, Ricci A, Ippolito E, Dugall M, Griffin M, Ruffini I, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Cerritelli F. Prevention of venous thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in long-haul flights with pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2004 Oct;10(4):373-7. doi: 10.1177/107602960401000410. PMID: 15497024.
23. Errichi BM, Belcaro G, Hosoi M, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Bavera P, Hosoi M, Zulli C, Corsi M, Ledda A, Luzzi R, Ricci A. Prevention of post thrombotic syndrome with Pycnogenol® in a twelve month study. Panminerva Med. 2011 Sep;53(3 Suppl 1):21-7. PMID: 22108473.
24. Rodriguez P, Belcaro G, Dugall M, Hu S, Luzzi R, Ledda A, Ippolito E, Corsi M, Ricci A, Feragalli B, Cornelli U, Gizzi C, Hosoi M. Recurrence of retinal vein thrombosis with Pycnogenol® or Aspirin® supplementation: a registry study. Panminerva Med. 2015 Sep;57(3):121-5. PMID: 25971329.
25. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Cornelli U, Rodhewald P, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Cacchio M, Vinciguerra G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Fano F. Control of edema in hypertensive subjects treated with calcium antagonist (nifedipine) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2006 Oct;12(4):440-4. doi: 10.1177/1076029606292248. PMID: 17000888.
26. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Stuard S, Schönlau F, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L. Kidney flow and function in hypertension: protective effects of pycnogenol in hypertensive participants–a controlled study. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Mar;15(1):41-6. doi: 10.1177/1074248409356063. Epub 2010 Jan 22. PMID: 20097689.
27. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective, 16 week crossover study to determine the role of Pycnogenol in modifying blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. (n.d.). University of Arizona. https://experts.arizona.edu/en/publications/a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-prospective-16-week-/fingerprints/
28. Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, Zhou S, Würthwein G, Rohdewald P. Pycnogenol, French maritime pine bark extract, improves endothelial function of hypertensive patients. Life Sci. 2004 Jan 2;74(7):855-62. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.07.037. PMID: 14659974.
29. Stuard S, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Rohdewald PJ. Kidney function in metabolic syndrome may be improved with Pycnogenol®. Panminerva Med. 2010 Jun;52(2 Suppl 1):27-32. PMID: 20657531.
30. Hu S, Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone M, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi B, Ippolito E, Grossi M, Hosoi M, Gizzi G, Trignani M. Effects of Pycnogenol® on endothelial dysfunction in borderline hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hyperglycemic individuals: the borderline study. Int Angiol. 2015 Feb;34(1):43-52. Epub 2014 Nov 13. PMID: 25391252.
31.) Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi S, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Cornelli M, Gizzi G. Pycnogenol® supplementation improves health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Phytother Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):1572-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4883. Epub 2013 Jan 28. PMID: 23359520.
Inflammation Response, Immune Function, Respiratory Health, Lung Function, Allergy & Sinus
32. Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Cesinaro Di Rocco P, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi BM, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Errichi S, Cornelli U, Ledda A, Gizzi G. Pycnogenol® improvements in asthma management. Panminerva Med. 2011 Sep;53(3 Suppl 1):57-64. PMID: 22108478.
33. Hosseini S, Pishnamazi S, Sadrzadeh SM, Farid F, Farid R, Watson RR. Pycnogenol((R)) in the Management of Asthma. J Med Food. 2001 Winter;4(4):201-209. doi: 10.1089/10966200152744472. PMID: 12639402.
34. Lau BH, Riesen SK, Truong KP, Lau EW, Rohdewald P, Barreta RA. Pycnogenol as an adjunct in the management of childhood asthma. J Asthma. 2004;41(8):825-32. doi: 10.1081/jas-200038433. PMID: 15641632.
35. Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N, Sharma P, Baisley J, Schonlau F, Burki C. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res. 2010 Aug;24(8):1115-9. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3232. PMID: 20549654.
36. Otorinolaringologia 2013 September;63(3):151-61. (n.d.). https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/Otorhinolaryngology/article.php?cod=R27Y2013N03A0151
37. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Genovesi D, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Stuard S. Pycnogenol may alleviate adverse effects in oncologic treatment. Panminerva Med. 2008 Sep;50(3):227-34. PMID: 18927527.
Blood Sugar, Glucose Metabolism, & Kidney Function
38. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M. Diabetic ulcers: microcirculatory improvement and faster healing with pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2006 Jul;12(3):318-23. doi: 10.1177/1076029606290133. PMID: 16959685.
39. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Cipollone G, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Del Boccio G, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Corsi M. Improvement of diabetic microangiopathy with pycnogenol: A prospective, controlled study. Angiology. 2006 Aug-Sep;57(4):431-6. doi: 10.1177/0003319706290318. PMID: 17022378.
40. Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, Zhou S, Würthwein G, Rohdewald P. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci. 2004 Oct 8;75(21):2505-13. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.10.043. PMID: 15363656.
41. Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2004 Mar;27(3):839. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.3.839. PMID: 14988316.
42. Zibadi S, Rohdewald PJ, Park D, Watson RR. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes by Pycnogenol supplementation. Nutr Res. 2008 May;28(5):315-20. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.03.003. PMID: 19083426.
Joint Health
43. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi S, Zulli C, Errichi BM, Vinciguerra G, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Errichi S, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M, Rohdewald P. Treatment of osteoarthritis with Pycnogenol. The SVOS (San Valentino Osteo-arthrosis Study). Evaluation of signs, symptoms, physical performance and vascular aspects. Phytother Res. 2008 Apr;22(4):518-23. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2376. PMID: 18386255.
44. Cisár P, Jány R, Waczulíková I, Sumegová K, Muchová J, Vojtassák J, Duraćková Z, Lisý M, Rohdewald P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother Res. 2008 Aug;22(8):1087-92. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2461. PMID: 18570266.
45. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective, 16 week crossover study to determine the role of Pycnogenol in modifying blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. (n.d.). University of Arizona. https://experts.arizona.edu/en/publications/a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-prospective-16-week-/fingerprints/
Eye Health
46. Spadea L, Balestrazzi E. Treatment of vascular retinopathies with Pycnogenol. Phytother Res. 2001 May;15(3):219-23. doi: 10.1002/ptr.853. PMID: 11351356.
Active Lifestyle & Sports Performance
47. Vinciguerra G, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P, Stuard S, Ricci A, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Dugall M, Ledda A, Cacchio M, Acerbi G, Fano F. Cramps and muscular pain: prevention with pycnogenol in normal subjects, venous patients, athletes, claudicants and in diabetic microangiopathy. Angiology. 2006 May-Jun;57(3):331-9. doi: 10.1177/000331970605700309. PMID: 16703193.
Oral Care
48. Kimbrough C, Chun M, dela Roca G, Lau BH. PYCNOGENOL chew-ing gum minimizes gingival bleeding and plaque formation. Phytomedicine. 2002;9(5):410-413.
Men’s Health
49. D̆Uračková, Z. (2003). Lipid metabolism and erectile function improvement by pycnogenol®, extract from the bark of pinus pinaster in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction-a pilot study. AGRIS: International Information System for the Agricultural Science and Technology. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201600076652
Women’s Health
50. Errichi S, Bottari A, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Hosoi M, Cornelli U, Dugall M, Ledda A, Feragalli B. Supplementation with Pycnogenol® improves signs and symptoms of menopausal transition. Panminerva Med. 2011 Sep;53(3 Suppl 1):65-70. PMID: 22108479.
51. Kohama T, Negami M. Effect of low-dose French maritime pine bark extract on climacteric syndrome in 170 perimenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Reprod Med. 2013 Jan-Feb;58(1-2):39-46. PMID: 23447917.
52. Maia H Jr, Haddad C, Casoy J. Combining oral contraceptives with a natural nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain. Int J Womens Health. 2013 Dec 21;6:35-9. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S55210. PMID: 24379702; PMCID: PMC3873204.
53. Maia H Jr, Haddad C, Casoy J. The effect of pycnogenol on patients with dysmenorrhea using low-dose oral contraceptives. Int J Womens Health. 2014 Dec 11;6:1019-22. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S75389. PMID: 25525393; PMCID: PMC4266261.
54. Yang HM, Liao MF, Zhu SY, Liao MN, Rohdewald P. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Pycnogenol on the climacteric syndrome in peri-menopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(8):978-85. doi: 10.1080/00016340701446108. PMID: 17653885.
55. Kohama T, Suzuki N, Ohno S, Inoue M. Analgesic efficacy of French maritime pine bark extract in dysmenorrhea: an open clinical trial. J Reprod Med. 2004 Oct;49(10):828-32. PMID: 15568408.
56. Suzuki N, Uebaba K, Kohama T, Moniwa N, Kanayama N, Koike K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Reprod Med. 2008 May;53(5):338-46. PMID: 18567279.
57. Kohama T, Herai K, Inoue M. Effect of French maritime pine bark extract on endometriosis as compared with leuprorelin acetate. J Reprod Med. 2007 Aug;52(8):703-8. PMID: 17879831.
58. Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res. 2006 Mar;20(3):232-4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1840. PMID: 16521117.
Hemorrhoid Support
59. Belcaro G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Corsi M, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cesarone MR, Ledda A, Bottari A, Errichi BM. Pycnogenol® in postpartum symptomatic hemorrhoids. Minerva Ginecol. 2014 Feb;66(1):77-84. PMID: 24569406.
Edema on Long Flights
60. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ippolito E, Scoccianti M, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Mucci F. Prevention of edema in long flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2005 Jul;11(3):289-94. doi: 10.1177/107602960501100307. PMID: 16015414.